動詞-ing形式(短語)作主語和賓語

一、動詞-ing形式(短語)作主語

1. 動詞-ing形式(短語)作主語，表示比較抽象或泛指的動作。如：

Telling a lie got him into a great deal of trouble.

Surfing is a popular sport along coastal areas.

2. 動詞-ing形式(短語)作主語時，為了保持句子平衡，可以用it 作形式主語。如：

It is no use complaining — it doesn’t help solve the problems.

In my opinion, it is simply a waste of time and money raising pets.

二、動詞-ing形式(短語)作賓語

1. 作動詞賓語。有些動詞后常跟動詞-ing形式(短語)作賓語，這類動詞常見的有admit, allow, appreciate, avoid, enjoy, consider, dislike, mind, miss, finish, keep, imagine, risk, practise, suggest等。如：

We are considering flying toParisfor the coming holiday.

It seems that he doesn’t mind working late into the night.

2. 作介詞賓語。介詞后可接動詞-ing形式(短語)作賓語。如：

She entered without knocking at the door.

My sister is busy in reading picture books.

注意：

1. 有些動詞后接動詞-ing形式(短語)和動詞不定式(短語)作賓語意義不同，如：

remember to do sth. 記住要做某事

remember doing sth.記得曾經(jīng)做過某事

regret to do sth. 遺憾(抱歉)要做某事

regret doing sth. 為做過某事而感到后悔

try to do sth. 努力去做某事

try doing sth.試著做某事

mean to do sth. 打算做某事

mean doing sth.意味著做某事

want to do sth. 想要做某事

want doing sth. 需要被做某事(用動詞-ing形式的主動形式表被動意義)

2. 在動詞-ing形式(短語)前面可以加上其邏輯主語來強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的執(zhí)行者，該邏輯主語常為形容詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格。當(dāng)邏輯主語不出現(xiàn)在句首時，可用人稱代詞的賓格代替形容詞性物主代詞或用名詞普通格代替名詞的所有格。如：

I’m annoyed about John’s / John forgetting to pay.

I really can’t understand your / you treating her like that.

3. 動詞-ing形式(短語)的否定形式是在其前面加not。當(dāng)動詞-ing形式(短語)帶有邏輯主語時，not應(yīng)置于動詞-ing形式短語之前。如：

Not cleaning her teeth made her smell bad.

My sister’s not coming home in time made my parents worried.